7.3.1. Duration and costs of the Assessment phase

Table 7-1 sets out the findings of the analysis of outturn performance of projects during Assessment phase in terms of cost and time as compared to the estimates made at Initial Gate.

Average duration (months, IG50 - MG50)

Average cost of AP (£m)

Estimate at Initial Gate50

26

39

Straight average increase on a project-by-project basis to Main Gate50

+95%

(25 months)

+25%

(£10m)

Sample size

42

38

Source: CMIS, Review team analysis

Table 7-1: Assessment phase duration and cost

From the data set out in Table 7-1 it is clear that there is significant delay being incurred during the Assessment phase, 25 months on average (+95% of Initial Gate estimate).

Table 7-1 also demonstrates with regard to the cost of Assessment phase that costs appeared to increase by 25% versus the Initial Gate estimate. It should be remembered that the cost of Assessment phase is generally relatively small in comparison with average whole lifecycle costs.

Analysis suggests that average outturn Assessment phase duration has been decreasing over time, with the average AP duration shown to be less than 2 years for projects that passed Initial Gate since April 2004 (Table 7-2). This does however only include projects that have passed Main Gate, and as a result will exclude some long running projects that are still in AP. As a result the samples are likely to be biased with longer running projects appearing in the older segments.

Initial Gate pre FY200067

IG date FY2000 - 04

IG date FY2005 - 09

All IG dates

Average outturn duration of Assessment phase - (IG50 - MG50)

64 months

40 months

19 months

45 months

Sample size

20

24

10

54

Note: Sample size is larger than in Table 7-1 as includes projects for which there is no IG forecast data

Source: CMIS, Review team analysis

Table 7-2: Trend in Assessment phase duration over time

The Review also considered Assessment phase spending as a proportion of total forecast spending through Assessment, Demonstration and Manufacture phases. It was recommended as part of the Smart Acquisition framework that as a "rule of thumb" 15% of total spending be spent during the Assessment phase (i.e., prior to Main Gate approval) in order to sufficiently de-risk the project and establish a robust envelope for Performance, Cost and Time prior to commitment of further funds68. This Review conducted an analysis based on 44 projects completing Assessment phase (or equivalent precursor) between 1975 and 2007 and found that spending during Assessment phase was only c.5% of total forecast spending 69.




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67 Non-Smart projects

68 Transforming the UK's Defence Procurement System, February 1998

69 'Exhibits for Final Report of Smart Acquisition Stocktake', McKinsey & Co.(2003) found that 7% of total forecast spending occurred during the Assessment phase