NJ Transit discovered that when the concessionaire did more design itself instead of subcontracting design, the agency obtained superior results because there was better coordination between the prime contractor and the operator. The design of the Hudson-Bergen LRT MOS-1 was by a subcontractor, which created coordination and communication issues between the project's designer and operator. The lead for the DB consortium designed Hudson-Bergen LRT
MOS-2 directly, and was more responsive to civil and systems needs, which achieved a better product more easily.