Generally there appears to be a relatively low trust environment, especially with regard to cooperation between the government and private sector. Whether accurate or not, there are certainly perceptions of corruption problems which hamper the environment for PPPs. In particular, such perceptions make investment and risk taking from the private side more unlikely and add a 'premium' to PPP transactions. In many respects the form of MRF model which has been developed, with a particularly large involvement of the government is probably a response to this environment, where getting higher levels of private participation may be more difficult.