3.36 Authorities should ensure that their proposed governance and contract management arrangements are robust and that they are reviewed by the internal audit function. For some projects it is mandatory that Authorities submit these arrangements for external review. For projects in England and Wales, the Office of Government Commerce's (OGC) or, for Local Authorities, the 4Ps Gateway programme has a Gate 4 review covering the Readiness for Service of a project. For projects in Scotland, the Scottish Executive has instigated Key Stage Review 3 which is a similar process covering the arrangements for the period immediately after contract close. The OGC Gateway 5 reviews and forward looking operational reviews will be appropriate at various stages during the operational phase.