SGs raise many questions, such as whether a Government should bear key risks in a PPP project (and if so, which risks), which SG instrument should be used under what circumstances, how should the value for money of SGs be assessed and how should SGs be managed and accounted for. This paper is therefore structured in four sections:
• section 1 deals with the main reasons why SGs are used;
• section 2 reviews the types of SGs most used;
• section 3 sets out the main issues that arise when using SGs and provides guidance for their resolution; and
• section 4 provides an overall good practice checklist for evaluating, implementing and managing SGs.
The paper also has an annex containing a basic mapping of the use of SGs across Europe.