48 Landscape includes townscape, heritage, and other related matters. Guidelines for assessing the impact of policies, projects and programmes on landscape have been devised by English Heritage and the Countryside Commission.25 The Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment (CABE) may also be able to provide guidance.26
49 Research has also been commissioned Defra to estimate the value of environmental landscape features associated with agri-environment schemes. Contingent valuation techniques have been used, producing an Environmental Landscape Features (ELF) model. This constitutes a first attempt at a benefits transfer tool for appraising agri-environment policy27 Features covered include heather moorland, rough grazing, field margins and hedgerows. The model provides estimates of WTP for these features on an area basis, and estimates of their diminishing marginal utility.
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25 These guidelines draw extensively on the Guidance on the Methodology for Multi-Modal Studies (GOMMMS) available from the DTLR archive accessed from the ODPM website: http://www.odpm.gov.uk
26 See website: http://www.cabe.org.uk
27 "Estimating the Value of Environmental Features", Reports to MAFF, January 1999 and June 2001