Construction management costs are incurred by the party responsible for overseeing work done during the construction phase of a project. These costs are less intensive for the public sector following procurement as a PPP, as the partner bears the costs associated with overseeing construction, contract administration and for the majority of the quality assurance work. Although there may continue to be some legal and advisory costs related to implementing the project agreement, the role of the owner is reduced and requires a smaller team to administer the contract and monitor the construction of the project on behalf of the government. This monitoring includes the cost of an independent certifier (IC) to verify completion of the project, and is done to ensure the requirements of the project agreement are met.