The Committee's overseas study tour and research revealed that there are many different types of PPPs and that the models applied differ from country to country. In fact, the PPP concept is evolving in different ways in each country. And as the following exhibits indicate, the legislative and institutional positions also vary.
Exhibit 4.5:
Summary of PPP in selected overseas countries
| Country | Experience with PPPs |
| United Kingdom | The British government launched its PPP development policy in 1992 under the Private Finance Initiative. Since then the technique has been applied systematically to virtually every area of significant government capital spending in the UK. Partnerships UK was established in 2000 to promote PPP/PFI concepts. It also works on local authority projects. |
| France | France has a long established tradition of public private cooperation (especially in sectors such as water) using the concession structure. PPPs are not permitted in the social infrastructure area. The tunnel Prado-Carrenage in Marseille was toll-financed. Three major road projects have been launched as public private partnerships since 2000 (Millan Viaduct, A19 and A28) and cross border projects such as the Perpignon-Fiqueras high speed link and the Lynon-Turin high speed link have involved PPPs. |
| Ireland | In 1999, a pilot PPP road programme including three roads and a light rail system was initiated. The M4 PPP Toll Motorway Project is part of a group of 11 projects to be finalised over the 2004-07 period. Toll bridges, government offices, prisons and schools have been designed, built, financed and operated by the private sector. There is a strong commitment to a formal PPP program and central committees facilitate PPPs. |
| The Netherlands | Kennis-centrum PPPs was set up in 1999 and a major pilot project (the high speed rail) was started. Projects underway since then include road, railway, harbours and water projects (for example, enlargement harbour Rotterdam) and the Delfland wastewater treatment project. |
| Canada | |
| • British Columbia | There have been eight transactions since 2004, including the Richmond Airport Vancouver Rapid Transit and the Sea to Sky Highway. |
| • Ontario | CAD $2.3 billion of a CAD $30 billion 5 year infrastructure spending program will be undertaken under Ontario's Alternative Financing and Procurement approach. |
Exhibit 4.6: Summary of PPP institutional development
| Country | PPP unit |
| PPP law |
| United Kingdom | √ |
| - |
| Belgium | ++ | ||
| France | √√ |
| ++ |
| Ireland | √ |
| +++ |
| The Netherlands | √ |
| - |
| British Columbia, Canada | √ |
| - |
| Notes: | +++ comprehensive legislation in place √ actively involved in PPP promotion √√ PP unit in progress (or existing but in a purely consultative capacity) ++ comprehensive legislation being drafted/some sector specific legislation in place |
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118 National Public Private Partnerships Forum, www.pppforum.gov.au , national pipeline/potential projects, accessed 27 September 2006