PPPs require collaborative and comprehensive planning

Investing time and resources early in the process is critical for project success.

  Investing in developing a robust output specification helps complex contracts to operate smoothly.

  Innovation in infrastructure delivery is not easy; however, freedom of design combined with bundling a wide range of operating services increases the potential for innovation.

  Collaborating with end-users and the public sector during the development phase strengthens the connection between the contract requirements and their practical application.

  Valuable project knowledge is often lost, particularly following the tender process, due to changes in key personnel. Thus, rigorous documentation is required, throughout the project, to safeguard intellectual property.