As will be shown in §8, there are many cases where the Bank provided significant non-financial value-added, generally to the public sector rather than the private sector, but it is not clear how much of this represented Institutional Development. However, the exposure to the Bank's skills, and the opportunity to learn from the Bank's experience, was seen by almost all Promoters as a valuable aspect of having the Bank involved in their projects.
Institutional Development was neither an EIB policy nor an EIB objective for these projects, but it was clear that some degree of development had been achieved on most projects, particularly those in countries at an early stage of PPP development. It was also clear that EIB staff, formally and informally, were making significant contributions to PPP skills in at least two countries.