Chapter 4.  Funding Obstacles for States

1.  Robert Puentes and Ryan Prince, Fueling Transportation Finance: A Primer on the Gas Tax (Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institute, March, 2003), 4, retrieved at http://www.brook.edu/es/urban/publications/gastax.htm.

2.  See Table 7 in this report.

3.  Puentes and Prince, Fueling Transportation Finance, 8.

4.  James M. Whitty and Betsy Imholt, Oregon's Mileage Fee Concept and Road User Fee Pilot Program: Report to the 73rd Oregon Legislative Assembly (Salem: Oregon Department of Transportation, June 2005), 1.

5.  Barbara Reese, "Moving Forward with Public-Private Partnerships" (presentation at a meeting of the American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials, Nash-ville, Tenn., September 2005).

6.  James B. London, Ellen W. Saltzman, H. Günsel Günaydin et al., State Transportation Funding Trends and Comparative State Assessment (Clemson: Strom Thurmond Institute of Government and Public Affairs, December 2002), 29.

7.  Puentes and Prince, Fueling Transportation Finance, 8.

8.  Ibid., 10.

9.  See appendix A.

10.  American Road and Transportation Builders Association Press Release, "Highway Construction Material Costs Skyrocket 22% In Past 2 Years, Could Impact Efforts to Improve Safety and Reduce Traffic Congestion, ARTBA Says" (Washington, D.C.: ARBTA, Jan. 31, 2006).

11.  Hybridcars.com, "Sales Numbers and Forecasts for Hybrid Vehicles" (2006), http: //www.hybridcars.com/salesnumbers.html.

12.  Ibid.

13.  FHWAHighway Statistics 2003, "State Motor Vehicle Registrations."

14.  Ibid., Motor-Fuel Volume Taxed-2003.

15.  Nicholas Johnson, Should States Suspend Their Gasoline Taxes? (Washington, D.C.: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, Sept. 8, 2005), 1.

16.  Ibid., 3.

17.  See the NCSL elections page at http://www.ncsl.org/programs/legman/elect/ initiat.htm to locate states with the initiative process.

18.  Theodore Kim, "Plan to Privatize Roads May Have Bumps,Indianapolis Star, Oct. 3, 2005.

19.  Ibid.

20.  Patrick Jackson and J.L. Miller, "Privatizing Highways: Solution or Setback?" The News Journal, Nov. 27, 2005.

21.  Puentes and Prince, Fueling Transportation Finance, 11.

22.  Ibid., 15.

23.  Ibid.

24.  U.S. DOTSurvey of State Funding for Public Transportation 2004, 3-2.

25.  Puentes and Prince, Fueling Transportation Finance, 12.

26.  Ibid., 13.

27.  Ibid.

28.  Matt Volz, "Earmarks Sideswipe Other State Transportation Projects," Anchorage Daily News, Nov. 11, 2005.