| Countries and subnational governments around the world have been developing institutional structures for the promotion, development, and management of PPPs for several decades. None are precisely alike and they serve different functions depending on the needs, cultures, and traditions of the nations in which they operate. For this analysis we focused on international examples in developed countries that would possibly provide the most relevant models for the United States. No less than 31 countries currently have a PPP unit at the national or subnational level (Appendix B). | No less than 31 countries currently have a PPP unit at the national or subnational level. |