PPPs have created significant labor issues in the United States and other countries. The concern for brownfield projects is continued employment of existing employees, including their wages, benefits, pensions, working conditions and collective bargaining rights; for greenfield projects, it is that the private sector meet prevailing wage requirements.75 To address this, some PPP contracts have included workforce protections.76 Laws in some states-Delaware, Illinois, Indiana and Massachusetts, for example-also ensure prevailing wage requirements for PPP projects.77 Davis-Bacon Act labor and contracting requirements apply to projects with federal funding.78 Note that labor protections and prevailing wage requirements may result in higher project costs (see Cost and Time Savings on pages 9 to 10).