1 U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration and AECOM Consult Team. 2006a. Issues and Options or Increasing the Use of Tolling and Pricing to Finance. Fairfax, VA, June 9. Available at: http://ncppp.org/resources/papers/tollissuesreport606.pdf.
2 The National Council for Public-Private Partnerships. 2007. How Partnerships Work. Washington, D.C. Available at: http://www.ncppp.org/howpart/index.shtml#define.
3 Savas, E. S. 2000. Privatization and Public Private Partnerships. New York: Chatham House.
4 U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 2007a. PPPs Defined. Available at: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ppp/defined.htm.
5 Poole, Robert and Peter Samuel. 2006. The Return of Private Toll Roads. Public Roads. March/April, Vol. 69, No. 5. Washington, D.C. Available at: http://www.tfhrc.gov/pubrds/06mar/06.htm.
6 Orange County Department of Transportation. 91 Express Lanes 2006 Report. Orange County, CA. Available at: http://www.91expresslanes.com/generalinfo/91annualreport.pdf.
7 Hubert H. Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. 2006. I-394 MnPASS - A New Choice for Commuters: How is it Working? Rethinking Transportation Finance Roundtable. March 23, Coffman Memorial Union, University of Minnesota. Available at: http://www.hhh.umn.edu/img/assets/20844/394_MnPass_roundtable.pdf.
8 Virginia Department of Transportation. 2007. Bulletin. January-February. Vol. 73, No. 1. Richmond, VA. Available at: http://www.virginiadot.org/about/bulletin/2007/Jan-Feb/default.asp.
9 Virginia Department of Transportation. 2007. Projects and Studies: Six-Year Improvement Plan Frequently Asked Questions. Richmond, VA. Available at: http://www.virginiadot.org/projects/syp-faq.asp.
10 Virginia Department of Transportation. 2004. News Release: Six-Year Improvement Program 2005-2010 and FY05 Transportation Budget Frequently Asked Questions. Richmond, VA. Available at: http://www.virginiadot.org/news/newsrelease.asp?ID=CO-syipfaq2.
11 Reese, Barbara, Virginia Department of Transportation Deputy Secretary of Transportation. 2007. Capital Beltway HOT Lanes PPTA Project In-Principle Business Terms. September, Richmond, VA. Available at: http://www.ctb.virginia.gov/resources/Item2_CapBeltway_InPrincipleAgreement.pdf.
12 University of Southern California. 2000. Planning & Markets: Highway Construction Costs Under Government Provision. Los Angeles, CA. Available at: http://www-pam.usc.edu/ volume2/v2i1a3s2.html
13 Virginia Department of Transportation. 2004. Virginia's Statewide Multimodal Long-Rage Transportation Plan: Phase 3 and Final Report to the General Assembly. November, Richmond, VA. Available at: http://www.rrregion.org/pdf/tranplan/VTRANS_Phase%203%20Report.pdf
14 Virginia Department of Transportation. 2004. News Release: Six-Year Improvement Program 2005-2010 and FY05 Transportation Budget Frequently Asked Questions. Richmond, VA. Available at: http://www.virginiadot.org/news/newsrelease.asp?ID=CO-syipfaq2.
15 Bacon, James. 2007. The Next Transportation Crisis. Bacon's Rebellion. July 16, Virginia. Available at: http://www.baconsrebellion.com/Issues07/07-16/Bacon.php.
16 TRIP. 2007. Virginia's Future Mobility: An Analysis of the Ability of Virginia's Transportation System to Meet the State's Need for Safe and Efficient Mobility. February, Washington, D.C. Available at: http://www.tripnet.org/VirginiaReportFeb2007.pdf.
17 Weiss, Eric M. 2007. Virginia Approves Spending For Roads. Washington Post, June 22, B01. Available at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article 2007/06/21/AR2007062102101_pf.html.
18 Craig, Tim. 2007. Transportation Bill on Verge of Approval. Washington Post, April 4, B01. Available at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/ 04/03/AR2007040301776.html.
19 Weiss, Eric M. 2007. Virginia Approves Spending For Roads. Washington Post, June 22, B01. Available at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/ 2007/06/21/AR2007062102101_pf.html.
20 Virginia Department of Transportation. 2007. History Highlights website. Richmond, VA. Available at: http://www.virginiadot.org/about/vdot_history.asp
21 Virginia General Assembly. 2007. Legislative Information System website. Available at: http://leg1.state.va.us/
22 Virginia Department of Transportation. 2007. Public-Private Transportation Act web page. Available at: http://www.virginiadot.org/business/ppta-default.asp.
23 Ibid
24 KCI Technologies, Inc. with MDTA, MDOT, MD SHA, June 2005. Current Practices in Public-Private Partnerships for Highways. Available at http://www.mdta.state.md.us/mdta/servlet/dispatchServlet?url=/About/currentpractise.pdf.
25 Kozel, Scott. 2007. Roads to the Future: Capital Beltway (I-495 and I-95) webpage. Available at: http://www.roadstothefuture.com/Capital_Beltway.html.
26 Parsons Project Site. 2007. The Capital Beltway Study Overview webpage. Available at: http://project1.parsons.com/capitalbeltway/New_Overview.htm.
27 Taylor, Jeff. 2003. Will Toll Roads Save our Nation's Capital? Reasononline. June 10. Available at: http://www.reason.com/news/show/33613.html.
28 Mummolo, Jonathan. 2007. A Ranking Writ In Brake Lights: D.C. 2nd in Traffic. Washington Post, September 19, B01. Available at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/ 2007/09/18/AR2007091800777.html
29 George Mason University Center for Regional Analysis. 2003. Commuting Trends and Patterns in the Washington Region. September 2. Available at: http://www.cra-gmu.org/alerts/Trends5-commuting.doc.
30 Fluor-Transurban, Inc. 2007. Virginia HOT lanes website. Available at: http://www.virginiahotlanes.com/
31 Mummolo, Jonathan. 2007. A Ranking Writ In Brake Lights: D.C. 2nd in Traffic. Washington Post, September 19, B01. Available at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/ 2007/09/18/AR2007091800777.html.
32 Virginia Department of Transportation. 2003. Capital Beltway HOT Lanes PPTA Proposal Presentation. July 16. Available at: http://198.176.41.25/projects/resources/FinalCTB-HOTLanes.pdf.
33 Capital Beltway Studies website (Last updated September 2007). Traffic Volumes. Available at http://capitalbeltway.mdprojects.com/nav2c.htm
34 Montgomery County Planning Board. 2001. The Critical Issues of the East-West Connectors. December 13, Silver Spring, MD. Available at: http://www.mc-mncppc.org/board/meetings_archive/01_meeting_archive /agenda_121301/east-west%20final.PDF
35 Poole, Robert and Peter Samuel. 2006. The Return of Private Toll Roads. Public Roads. March/April, Vol. 69, No. 5. Washington, D.C. Available at: http://www.tfhrc.gov/pubrds/06mar/06.htm.
36 Virginia Department of Transportation. 2007. Projects and Studies website: I95/395 and Route 495 HOV/BUS/HOT Lanes Project. Available at: http://www.virginiadot.org/ projects/HOT_main.asp.
37 Weiss, Eric M. 2006. Beltway Toll Plan May Need Va. Funds. Washington Post, October 23, A01. Available at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006 /10/22/AR2006102201081.html.
38 Nash, Betty Joyce. 2006. The End of the "Free" Ride: Tolls bring home the true cost of roads. Region Focus, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. Spring 2006, Richmond, VA. Available at: http://www.richmondfed.com/publications/economic_research/region_focus/ spring_2006/pdf/full_issue.pdf.
39 Virginia Department of Transportation. 2006. News Release: Virginia Signs Interim Agreement with Private Firm to Build I-95/395 HOT lanes. October 24. Available at: http://www.vdot.virginia.gov/news/ newsrelease.asp?ID=CO-0655.
40 Virginia Division of Legislative Services. Senate Bill 856 in the 1995 General Assembly Session http://leg1.state.va.us/cgi-bin/legp504.exe?ses=951&typ=bil&val=sb856
41 Galuszka, Peter. 2006. Close Shave. Beacon's Rebellion. December 11, Virginia. Available at: http://www.baconsrebellion.com/Roadtoruin/BRNS_06-12-11.php.
42 Virginia Office of the Governor. 2006. Speeches: Testimony Before the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and the Sub-Committee on Highways, Transit and Pipelines. May 24, Washington, D.C. Available at: http://www.governor.virginia.gov/MediaRelations/Speeches/ 2006/TranspoTestimonyCongress.cfm.
43 Reese, Barbara, Virginia Department of Transportation Deputy Secretary of Transportation. 2007. Capital Beltway HOT Lanes PPTA Project In-Principle Business Terms. September, Richmond, VA. Available at: http://www.ctb.virginia.gov/resources/ Item2_CapBeltway_InPrincipleAgreement.pdf.
44 Brulliard, Karin. 2007. Va. HOT Lane Project to Start Early Next Year. Washington Post, September 10, A01 Available at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/09/AR2007090901949.html.
45 Weiss, Eric M. 2006. Beltway Toll Plan May Need Va. Funds. Washington Post, October 23, A01. Available at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006 /10/22/AR2006102201081.html.
46 Tollroadsnews. 2007. Virginia sec transport Homer says tolls and PPPs vital for mobility, eco growth. May 28, Fredrick, MD. Available at: http://www.tollroadsnews.com/node/154.