Appendix A:  Estimated U.S. infrastructure deficit

Defined comprehensively

Huge legacy needs 
($Billions) 

Transportation 
(roads, bridges, transit and rail)

1,300+a 

Education facilities

322+b 

Energy transmission

1,500+c 

Criminal justice facilities

12.5+d 

Technology architecture

100+e 

Water systems 
(drinking water, wastewater, levees, inland waterways and dams)

585+f




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a  American Society of Civil Engineers: $1.3 trillion for roads, bridges, transit and rail over 5 years.

b  National Education Association: one-time investment.

c  American Association of Civil Engineers and the Brattle Group: for 2010-2030.

d  Pew Center for the States: for 2007-2011.

e  EDUCAUSE: $25 billion annually over four years.

f  American Association of Civil Engineers and Association of State Dam Safety Officials: $110 billion over 10 years for drinking water; $275 billion one-time investment for levees, inland waterways, and dams; $390 billion over 20 years for wastewater.