25 To help them decide which bidder to select, the procurement team ranked the proposals of the three shortlisted bidders in terms of their proposed technical solution and management arrangements. Pathway ranked third against eight of the eleven criteria where a ranking was awarded, including areas where the project later encountered problems such as security against fraud. Pathway's proposals were nevertheless considered deliverable. Their proposal ranked a narrow first in terms of direct price, and a clear first in terms of risk transferred.