In 2009, there were about 110 ethno-linguistic groups in the Philippines consisting of approximately 14 million indigenous people (IP). IPs are among the discriminated, vulnerable, and marginalized groups, a fact not only seen from various smaller studies but also suggested by the correlation between low human development indicators and high concentration of IPs (Stavenhagen, 2002). The National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) reported that provinces with most IPs have high poverty incidence. The lack of power and access to decision making and management processes contribute to the impoverishment of IPs, who mostly live in mountains and have limited access to sustainable livelihood and basic services. They are often victims of armed conflict and human rights abuse.