A complementary track will be followed to address the causes of conflict and issues affecting the peace process. This includes:
a. Focused development in conflict-affected areas through the PAMANA "Payapa at Masaganang Pamayanan" Program;
PAMANA (Peaceful and Resilient Communities) is the national government's peace and development framework to respond and strengthen peace building, reconstruction and development in conflict-affected areas (CAAs). Under the guiding principles of PAMANA, government will implement a converged peace building program focused on the development of conflict-affected areas to address the causes of armed conflict. The main strategy is to bring back government in these communities by ensuring that they benefit from improved basic services delivery and are served by responsive and accountable government. This will ensure that these communities feel the presence of government in their lives. The design of specific interventions shall recognize cultural practices and traditions.
PAMANA aims to: (a) reduce poverty and vulnerability in conflict-affected areas; (b) improve governance; and (c) empower communities and strengthen their capacity to address issues of conflict and peace through activities that promote social cohesion. Over a period of four years, PAMANA shall cover 218 municipalities in 43 provinces. Some 3,500 conflict-affected barangays and an estimated 400,000 households will benefit from this intervention. This will be implemented through collaboration between national government agencies, LGUs and development partners. PAMANA rests on three main pillars:
• Pillar 1 refers to interventions at the macrolevel that help establish the foundations of peace and the building of communities capable of addressing peace issues. Among the policy issues the framework seeks to address are:
» Dialogues and policy formulation to improve governance and address threats to identity and marginalization;
» Ancestral domain, agrarian reform and natural resource conflict resolution; and
» Security guarantees and transitional support especially to internally displaced persons (IDPs).
• Pillar 2 refers to microlevel interventions focused on households and communities. These include delivery of basic services at the community level through conditional cash transfer approaches, community driven reconstruction and development and community livelihood.
• Pillar 3 refers to mesolevel interventions that address local development challenges, including constraints to local economic development, economic integration of poor areas with more prosperous areas and physical and economic connectivity improvements. These include high-impact local development projects, such as ancestral domain management plans, support services for farmers and farm-workers, including roads and post-harvest facilities, or culturally sensitive industries, such as development of community-based tourism and the halal industry.
b. Support efforts to end impunity and extra-judicial killings through decisive action of the government in dealing with grave human rights violations as well as political or election-related violence;
c. Support the indigenous peoples' agenda which includes: professionalizing the service bureaucracy; the review of Certificate of Ancestral Domain Titles (CADTs) issuances; delivery of basic services and review/ redress IPs in conflict areas and realization of the Indigenous Peoples Masterplan (IPMAP) 2011-2016 with particular stress on Human Rights Protection of IPs; implementation and compliance with the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) and the Convention of the Rights of the Child; and advocacy of the ratification of ILO Convention No. 169, or the Convention on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples;
d. Support an affirmative action agenda for Muslims including the development of a halal industry, institutionalization of the Hajj management system, establishment of economic and financial mechanisms, such as Islamic banking and microfinance, speedy resolution of cases involving children and women languishing in jails, putting an end to discriminatory practices in work places, and the establishment of Shari'ah Courts;
e. Support the enhancement of ARMM governance, including greater accountability to citizens living in remote and poorest areas. This shall be accompanied by efforts to end patronage politics, dismantle all private armies, ensure free, responsible and clean elections, strengthen democratic processes and the rule of law in the electoral system, and fully integrating ARMM in all Mindanao-wide and national development plans;
f. Support the implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1325, which entails close collaboration with the CSOs to fully comply with the government's commitment to increase participation of women in peace processes and address sexual violence against women in armed conflict situations. More specifically, efforts shall be exerted to: (i) ensure the protection of women's rights and prevent the violation of these rights in armed conflict and postconflict situations; (ii) empower women and ensure their active and meaningful participation in areas of peace building, peace keeping, conflict prevention, conflict resolution and postconflict reconstruction; (iii) promote and mainstream the gender perspective in all aspects of conflict prevention, conflict resolution and peace building; and (iv) institute a system to monitor, evaluate and report the implementation of the national action plan to enhance accountability for successful implementation and the achievement of its goals;
g. Address the needs of children in situations of armed conflict by setting up an effective mechanism to monitor, report and immediately respond to the identified seven grave child rights violations in conflict situations, namely: recruitment and use of minors by armed groups, killing and maiming, abduction, denial of humanitarian assistance, rape and sexual abuse, and attacks on schools and hospitals.
Protecting children in situations of armed conflict will likewise entail monitoring of implementation and compliance to the International Convention of the Rights of the Child;
h. Support the reform of the security sector, which entails mainstreaming a people-centered approach to human security and developing policies to institutionalize Democratic Control of the Armed Forces (DCAF);
i. Support the settlement of land disputes aimed at rationalizing national land policies and strengthening conflict resolution mechanisms on the ground, recognizing the fact that internal armed conflicts are largely rooted in long-standing disputes over land and resources.