a. Conserve, preserve, and manage protected areas, wildlife, and their habitats:
• Assess the effectiveness of management and implement adaptive management in all protected areas proclaimed under the NIPAS;
• Establish and manage critical habitats to reduce habitat loss and enhance ecosystem services that play important roles in addressing climate change impacts;
• Establish and effectively manage additional protected areas focused on identified KBAs through Presidential Proclamation to sustain ecological goods and services of the area;
• Strengthen management of protected areas in partnership with local communities through issuance of security of tenure and provision of alternative livelihood;
• Manage significant caves for their socioeconomic and ecological values;
• Rehabilitation of important habitats such as wetlands; and
• Facilitation of significant increases in the population threatened and endangered species;
b. Prepare protected area management plan incorporating vulnerability and adaptability of the sector to disaster risk and climate change
• Complete the boundary delineation and demarcation of protected areas;
• Preparation/updating of management plan for protected areas and ecologically important habitats to include CCA; and
• Manage priority wetlands for food production, water conservation and disaster mitigation;
c. In protected areas, institute and operationalize the concept of Payment for Environmental Services (PES). PES is a mechanism in environment and natural resources management that corrects the flaw in current economic system whereby the users of ecosystem/ environment services are made to pay the ENR managers;33
d. Continue implementing international commitments on biodiversity conservation, protection and rehabilitation:
• Implement EO 514 (Establishing the National Biosafety Framework, Prescribing Guidelines for its Implementation, Strengthening the National Committee of the Biosafety of the Philippines, and for Other Purposes) particularly the provisions on environmental and health risk assessment in the field-testing and regulated propagation of genetically-modified organisms (GMO) following the precautionary principle;
• Implement the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization (e.g., capacity building and formulation of relevant policies); and
• Implement the Updated National Wetland Action Plan for the Philippines (NWAPP) as part of the country's commitment to the Convention on Wetlands or Ramsar Convention.
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33 Memorandum of Understanding on PES, 2010