The forces driving the projected increase in demand for passenger transport will also drive increased demand for freight transport. Container movements through Australia's ports are projected to grow by 165 per cent between by 2031, while non-containerised trade is projected to grow by 138 per cent over the same period. The road and rail freight task is projected to increase by 86 per cent from around 458 billion tonne km in 2011 to 852 billion tonne km in 2031.