Sources and references

References and links to evidence on specific projects are included in Tables 11 - 13. References and links to PFI/PPP and public policy issues are in the main reference section.

Information for each buyout, termination and projects that had experienced a major problem had to be compiled from several sources including:

• Stock Exchange Announcements/Regulatory News Service

Company Notices and Press Releases

• Company Interim and Annual Reports & Accounts

UK Companies House annual returns

• Jersey and Guernsey company registers

• Infrastructure fund share prospectuses and websites

• Construction and PPP company websites

• HM Treasury annual PFI current projects data 2011-2015

• National Audit Office PFI reports

PPP, financial, construction and infrastructure journals

ESSU PPP Equity Database 2012

• Local newspapers

Additional references

Armitage, J. (2015) Eight PFI schools built by one of UK's biggest private contractors have fire safety issues, Independent, 7 June, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/eight-pfi-schools-built-by-one-of-uks-biggest-private-contractors-have-fire-safety-issues-10303595.html

Ashurst (2007) PFI practitioners take note - PFI projects not immune from the effect of applications for expedited sale of assets, February, https://www.ashurst.com/doc.aspx?id_Content=2806

Audit Scotland (2005) Scottish Executive Consolidated Resource Accounts, SE/2005/231, November, http://www.audit-scotland.gov.uk/docs/central/2005/s22_se_consol_resource_accounts.pdf

Barts Health NHS Trust (2011) Merger: Full Business Case, December, http://bartshealth.nhs.uk/media/75021/Merger-Full-Business-Case-021211-FINAL.pdf

Bradford MDC (2015) Schools PFI Contract - Update Report, Children's Services Overview and Scrutiny Committee, 10 March, http://democracy.bradford.gov.uk/Data/136/20150310/Agenda/Report%20-%20SCHOOLS%20PRIVATE%20FINANCE%20INITIATIVE%20(PFI)%20CONTRACT.pdf

BMA (2016) Collapsed hospital merger costs 'eye-watering' £10m, 13 December, https://www.bma.org.uk/news/2016/december/collapsed-hospital-merger-costs-eye-watering-10

City of Edinburgh (2016) Edinburgh Schools - Independent Inquiry, Corporate Policy and Strategy Committee, 14 June, http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/meetings/meeting/3962/corporate_policy_and_strategy_committee

Collins, B. (2015) Foundation Trust and NHS trust mergers: 2010 to 2015, Kings Fund, September,

https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/sites/files/kf/field/field_publication_file/Foundation-trust-and-NHS-trust-mergers-Kings-Fund-Sep-2015_0.pdf

Community Health Partnerships (2015) Business Plan Summary 2015-2016,

http://www.communityhealthpartnerships.co.uk/uploads/images/file/Corporate%20Publications/CHP%20Business%20Plan%202015_16_Summary.pdf

Defence Industry Daily (2008) CATS Beginning 20-Year Run in Britain, 3 April, http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/cats-beginning-20year-run-in-britain-02935/

Department for Communities and Local Government (2008) Local Government PFI Project Support Guide (2009-10)

http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20120919132719/www.communities.gov.uk/documents/localgovernment/pdf/117892110.pdf

Department of Education and National Statistics (2016) Schools, Pupils and their Characteristics: January 2016 - National Tables, https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/schools-pupils-and-their-characteristics-january-2016

Department of Health (2012) NHS Trusts to receive funding support, Press Release, 3 February, London, https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nhs-trusts-to-receive-funding-support

Doyle, S. (2015) True cost of PFI/PPP school builds is revealed, The Irish News, 8 June, http://www.irishnews.com/news/2015/06/08/news/true-cost-of-pfi-ppp-school-builds-is-revealed-132916/

Dudkin G, Välilä T. (2005) Transaction Cost in Public-Private Partnerships: A First Look at the Evidence, European Investment Bank, http://www.eib.org/attachments/efs/efr_2005_v03_en.pdf

Dyfed-Powys Police and Crime Commissioner (2015) Commissioner police station deal saves £3.1m for front line policing, Press Release, 8 July, http://www.dyfedpowys-pcc.org.uk/en/commissioner-police-station-deal-saves-3-1m-for-front-line-policing/

European Public Service Union and Public Services International Research Unit (2014) Exposing the myths around Public-Private Partnerships, December, http://www.psiru.org/sites/default/files/2015-01-PPP-EPSUPPPbriefingfinal.pdf

European Services Strategy Unit (2007) Cost Overruns, Delays and Terminations in 105 Outsourced Public Sector ICT Contracts, ESSU Research Report No. 3, Dexter Whitfield, http://www.european-services-strategy.org.uk/publications/essu-research-reports/essu-research-report-no-3-cost-overruns-delays/essu-research-paper-3.pdf

Eurostat, European PPP Expertise Centre and European Investment Bank (2016) A Guide to the Statistical Treatment of PPPs, September, http://www.eib.org/epec/resources/publications/epec_eurostat_guide_ppp

Financial Times (2007) Scottish PFI prison plan scrapped, 24 August, http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/b0586da8-51d9-11dc-8779-0000779fd2ac.html?ft_site=falcon&desktop=true#axzz4WJn7GLKY

Financial Times (2014) NHS hospital trust seeks private help, 7 April, https://next.ft.com/content/616727e8-be38-11e3-961f-00144feabdc0

Financial Times (2016) Rising NHS Trust deficits spark investor concerns, 20 June, https://www.ft.com/content/e5037e60-32eb-11e6-ad39-3fee5ffe5b5b

Freeman, T. (2016) Funding new schools: indebted to the infrastructure, Holyrood Magazine, 9 March, https://www.holyrood.com/articles/feature/funding-new-schools-indebted-infrastructure

Global Treasury Intelligence (2013) Out of the Shadows: The Rise of Alternative Financing in Infrastructure, 18 February, https://www.gtnews.com/articles/out-of-the-shadows-the-rise-of-alternative-financing-in-infrastructure/

Government Statistical Service (2017) Statistical Press Notice: Monthly Delayed Transfers of Care Data, England, November 2016, 12 January, London, https://www.england.nhs.uk/statistics/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/November-16-DTOC-SPN.pdf

Hall, D. (2015) Why Public-Private Partnerships Don't Work, Public Services International Research Unit March, http://www.psiru.org/sites/default/files/2015-03-PPP-WhyPPPsdontworkEng.pdf

Hampshire County Council and East Riding of Yorkshire Council (2015) National School Delivery Cost Benchmarking: Primary and Secondary Schools, January, http://www.nacframework.org.uk/docs/National_School_Delivery-Cost_Benchmarking-Primary_Secondary-Jan2015-V5.pdf

Hart, O. (2003) Incomplete Contracts and Public Ownership: Remarks, and an Application to Public-Private Partnerships, The Economic Journal, 2003, Vol.113 (486), pp.C69-C76

Hart, O. and Moore, J. (2007) Incomplete Contracts and Ownership: Some New Thoughts, The American Economic Review, Vol. 97, No. 2, 182-186

Hellowell, M. (2014) The Return of PFI - will the NHS pay a higher price for new hospitals? Centre for Health and the Public Interest, November, https://chpi.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/CHPI-PFI-Return-Nov14-2.pdf

Hellowell, M. (2015) Borrowing to save: can NHS bodies ease financial pressures by terminating PFI contracts? BMJ 2015;351:h4030 http://press.psprings.co.uk/bmj/august/PFI.pdf

HM Treasury (2012) Current projects as at March 2012 http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130129110402/http:/www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/ppp_pfi_stats.htm

HM Treasury (2014) Current projects as at March 2014 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/private-finance-initiative-projects-2014-summary-data

HM Treasury (2015a) Early Termination of PPP and PFI Contracts, Addendum to DAO(GEN)02/14, March, London, https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/409291/DAO_02-14_addendum_-_Early_Termination_of_PPP_and_PFI_Contracts.pdf

HM Treasury (2015b) PPP Policy Note: Early termination of contracts, June, https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/436694/PPP_terminations_policy_note.pdf

HM Treasury (2016) Current projects as at 31 March 2015 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/private-finance-initiative-and-private-finance-2-projects-2015-summary-data

Hodkinson, S. (2011) The Private Finance Initiative in English Council Housing Regeneration: A Privatisation too far? Housing Studies, Vol. 26, Issue 6, 911-932.

House of Commons Library (2012) London Underground after the PPP, 2007-, Briefing SN1746, January, http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/SN01746#fullreport

House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts (2005) PFI: The STEPS deal, HC 553, Session 2003-04, June, http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200405/cmselect/cmpubacc/553/553.pdf

House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts (2008) The Privatisation of QuinetiQ, HC 151, June, http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmpubacc/151/151.pdf

House of Commons Public Accounts Minutes of Evidence, Supplementary memorandum submitted by the Department of Health, http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/cmselect/cmpubacc/361/6101613.htm

House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts (2011) The failure of the FiReControl project, HC 1397, September, http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201012/cmselect/cmpubacc/1397/1397.pdf

House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts (2015) Financial sustainability of NHS bodies, HC 736, Session 2014-15, January, http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201415/cmselect/cmpubacc/736/736.pdf

House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts (2016) St Helena Airport, HC 767, December, http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201617/cmselect/cmpubacc/767/767.pdf

Illman, J. (2016) Merger trust predicts it needs £650m bailout, Health Service Journal, 27 July, https://www.hsj.co.uk/hsj-local/providers/peterborough-and-stamford-hospitals-nhs-foundation-trust/merger-trust-predicts-it-needs-650m-bailout/7009513.article?blocktitle=News&contentID=15303

Income Data Services (2015) Pay, pensions and reward packages for private custodial service staff, for Office of Manpower Economics, March,

https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/409341/IDS_report_on_private_custodial_staff_March_2015_FINAL.pdf

Independent Evaluation Group, World Bank Group (2015) World Bank Group Support to Public-Private Partnerships: Lessons from Experience in Client Countries, FY02-12, http://ieg.worldbankgroup.org/Data/Evaluation/files/ppp_eval_updated2.pdf

International Monetary Fund (2015) Making Public Investment More Effective, Policy Paper, June, Washington DC, http://www.imf.org/external/np/pp/eng/2015/061115.pdf

King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (2014) Annual Report and Accounts 2013-14, https://www.kch.nhs.uk/Doc/corp%20-%20341.1%20-%20kch%20annual%20report%2013-14.pdf

Letsrecycle.com (2014) Government settles with Bradford over PFI loss, 24 January, http://www.letsrecycle.com/news/latest-news/government-settles-with-bradford-over-pfi-loss/

Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust (2014) Annual Report and Accounts 2013-14, https://www.lewishamandgreenwich.nhs.uk/

Manchester Health and Wellbeing Board (2016) Single Hospital Service Review: Sir Jonathan Michael, Independent Review Director, 8 June, Item 5c, http://www.manchester.gov.uk/meetings/meeting/2641/health_and_wellbeing_board

Ministry of Defence (2010) Termination of the Defence Training Review, 19 October 2010 https://www.gov.uk/government/news/termination-of-the-defence-training-review

National Audit Office (2003) PFI: Construction Performance, HC 371, Session 2002-2003, February, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2003/02/0203371.pdf

National Audit Office (2004) London Underground PPP: Were they good deals? HC 645, Session 2003-2004, June, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2004/06/0304645.pdf

National Audit Office (2006) The Paddington Basin Health Campus Scheme, HC 1045, Session 2005-06, May, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2006/05/05061045.pdf

National Audit Office (2007a) Improving the PFI tendering process, HC 149 Session 2006-2007, March, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2007/03/0607149.pdf

National Audit Office (2007b) The Privatisation of QuinetiQ, HC 52, Session 2007-08, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2007/11/070852.pdf

National Audit Office (2008) Allocation and management of risk in Ministry of Defence PFI projects, HC 343, Session 2007-2008, October, London, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/0708343.pdf

National Audit Office (2009a) Performance of PFI Construction, October, London, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/2009_performance_pfi_construction.pdf

National Audit Office (2009b) The Failure of Metronet, HC 512, Session 2008-2009, June, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/0809512.pdf

National Audit Office (2009c) HM Revenue & Customs' estate private finance deal eight years on, HC 30 2009- 2010, December, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/091030.pdf

National Audit Office (2011) The failure of the FiReControl project, HC 1272, Session 2010-2012, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/10121272.pdf

National Audit Office (2012) Securing the future financial sustainability of the NHS, HC 191, Session 2012-13, July, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/1213191.pdf

National Audit Office (2013) 2012-13 update on indicators of financial sustainability in the NHS, HC 590, Session 2013-14, July, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/10220-001_Indicators-of-financial-sustainability-in-the-NHS.pdf

National Audit Office (2014) The financial sustainability of NHS bodies, HC 722, Session 2014-15, November, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/The-financial-sustainability-of-NHS-bodies.pdf

National Audit Office (2015a) The choice of finance for capital investment, Briefing, March, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/The-choice-of-finance-for-capital-investment.pdf

National Audit Office (2015b) Sustainability and financial performance of acute hospital trusts, HC 611, Session 2015-16, December, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Sustainability-and-financial-performance-acute-hospital-trusts.pdf

National Audit Office (2016a) Financial sustainability of the NHS, HC 785, Session 2016-17, November, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Financial-Sustainability-of-the-NHS.pdf

National Audit Office (2016b) Realising the benefits of the St Helena Airport project, HC 19 Session 2016-17, July, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Realising-the-benefits-of-the-St-Helena-Airport.amended.pdf

National Audit Office (2016c) Commercial and Contract Management: insights and emerging best practice, November, https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Commercial-and-contract-management-insights-and-emerging-best-practice.pdf

NHS Support Federation (2014) PFI and the NHS: Finding the best exit, http://www.nhsforsale.info/uploads/images/pfi-report%20final.pdf

NHS Trust Development Authority (2012) Securing sustainable healthcare for the people of South East London, http://www.ntda.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/NTDA_SLHT_AW.pdf

Nose, M. (2014) Triggers of Contract Breach: Contract Design, Shocks or Institutions? Policy Research Working Paper 6738, World Bank, Washington DC, http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2014/01/06/000158349_20140106093814/Rendered/PDF/WPS6738.pdf

Owen, J. (2015) Crippling PFI deals leave Britain £222bn in debt, The Independent, 11 April, http://www.independent.co.uk/money/loans-credit/crippling-pfi-deals-leave-britain-222bn-in-debt-10170214.html

People v Barts PFI (2015) The Private Finance Initiative: Nationalise the Special Purpose Vehicles and end profiteering from public assets, http://www.european-services-strategy.org.uk/news/2015/the-private-finance-initiative-nationalise-the/nationalise-the-spvs-people-vs-barts-pfi-version-1.pdf

Pollock, A., Price, D. and Player, S. (2007) An Examination of the UK Treasury's Evidence Base for Cost and Time Overrun Data in UK Value-for Money Policy and Appraisal, Public Money & Management, April, 127-133.

PPP Bulletin (2008) Medway council abandons PFI, 1 February, http://www.partnershipsbulletin.com/news/view/14296

Press Association (2007) PFI School to cost £7.4m after closure, The Guardian, 23 March, https://www.theguardian.com/education/2007/mar/23/schools.uk4

Presser, L. (2016) Why have councils fallen out of love with outsourcing vital services, The Guardian, 2 March, https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/mar/02/councils-outsourcing-cumbria-public-private-partnership-in-house

Royal Institute of British Architects (2011) Written evidence to House of Commons Treasury Committee, April, http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201012/cmselect/cmtreasy/1146/1146vw07.htm

Russell, M. (2016) Council barred from buying out PPP contract, 13 January, West Highland Free Press, http://www.whfp.com/2016/01/13/council-barred-from-buying-out-ppp-contract/

Shaoul, J. (2005) A Critical Financial Analysis of the Private Finance Initiative: Selecting a Financing Method or Allocating Economic Wealth, Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 16, pp441-471.

Scottish Government (2015) PFI projects - done deals to July 2013 http://www.gov.scot/Topics/Government/Finance/18232/12308/DoneDealsJune2013

Scottish Parliament (undated) Paper from the Committee's Adviser on examples of public sector PPP/PFI contract buy outs, http://archive.scottish.parliament.uk/s3/committees/finance/inquiries/capInvest/adviser_buyouts.pdf

Sheffield City Council (2017) Waste Services Review, Report to Cabinet 18 January, http://democracy.sheffield.gov.uk/documents/s25096/Waste%20Services%20Review.pdf

Sherwood Forest NHS Foundation Trust (2016) Annual Report and Accounts 2015-16, http://www.sfh-tr.nhs.uk/images/Annual_Report_and_Accounts_15-16_FINAL1.compressed_3.pdf

Tirole, J. (1999) Incomplete Contracts: Where Do We Stand? Econometrica, vol. 67, No. 4, 741-781

Whitfield, D. (2001) Private Finance Initiative and Public Private Partnerships: What future for public services? June, http://www.european-services-strategy.org.uk/outsourcing-ppp-library/pfi-ppp/private-finance-initiative-and-public-private/

Whitfield, D. (2010) Global Auction of Public Assets: Public sector alternatives to the infrastructure market and Public Private Partnerships, Spokesman Books, Nottingham.

Whitfield, D. (2012) PPP Wealth Machine: UK and Global trends in trading project ownership, European Services Strategy Unit Research Report No. 6, http://www.european-services-strategy.org.uk/ppp-database/ppp-equity-database/ppp-wealth-machine-final-full.pdf

Whitfield, D. (2014) PPP Database Strategic Partnerships 2012-2013: UK outsourcing expands despite high failure rates, European Services Strategy Unit, January, http://www.european-services-strategy.org.uk/ppp-database/ppp-partnership-database/ppp-strategic-partnerships-database-2012-2013.pdf

Whitfield, D. (2015) Alternative to Private Finance of the Welfare State: A global analysis of social impact bond, pay-for-success and development impact bond projects, Australian Workplace Innovation and Social Research Centre, University of Adelaide and European Services Strategy Unit, September, http://www.european-services-strategy.org.uk/publications/essu-research-reports/alternative-to-private-finance-of-the-welfare/alternative-to-private-finance-of-the-welfare-state.pdf

Whitfield, D. (2016) The financial commodification of public infrastructure: The growth of offshore secondary market infrastructure funds, October, http://www.european-services-strategy.org.uk/publications/essu-research-reports/the-financial-commodification-of-public-infras/financial-commodification-public-infrastructure.pdf

Wiltshire Council (2009) South Wiltshire Core Strategy, Topic Paper 17: Infrastructure, July, http://www.wiltshire.gov.uk/south_wiltshire_core_strategy_topic_paper_17_-_infrastructure.pdf