PPPs are co-operative ventures between the public and private sectors built on the expertise of each partner that best meets clearly defined public needs through appropriate allocation of resources, risks and rewards. The partnership is reinforced through legally binding arrangements, typically medium to long term, between the public and private sectors whereby services that traditionally have been provided by the public sector are delivered by the private sector, with clear agreement on shared objectives and allocation of risk for delivery of public infrastructure and/ or public services. PPPs do not include outsourcing of a simple function of a public service, turnkey construction contracts, which are categorized as public procurement projects; or the privatization of utilities where there is limited on-going role for public sector.