The Procuring Infrastructure PPPs 2018 data are aggregated by the following four thematic areas: PPP preparation, PPP procurement, PPP contract management, and USPs. The PPP practices and regulatory frameworks currently recognized as international good practice and in place in the respective economy are the sole areas that are scored and aggregated on the thematic level. Other data collected are used in the report for their value in providing context. The scoring methodology, accessible in Appendix 1, assigns identical weights to all the benchmarks reviewed in the survey.
The possible scores range from 0 to 100. The economies with the highest scores, nearing 100, are considered to have a PPP framework that is closely aligned with international PPP good practices. By contrast, the economies with scores at the bottom (nearing 0) have considerable room for improvement because they do not adhere to international PPP good practices as recognized by this report. While each economy's scores for the four thematic areas appear in the "Economy Data Tables" section in the end of this report, each of them should be assessed individually. Finally, while only the data points scored are presented in the country data tables, all the information collected during the implementation of the survey is publicly available on the project's website: http://bpp.worldbank.org.
It is important to note that a significant number of changes were made in the survey instrument between the Benchmarking PPP Procurement 2017 and Procuring Infrastructure PPPs 2018 exercises. The 2017 edition was a pilot; thus, comments were received during data gathering and assessment and after the release of the report. Those comments were incorporated to clarify the formulation of questions, as well as to cover areas that were overlooked in the report. Those changes had consequences in the scoring. Some questions that were scored in the Benchmarking PPP Procurement 2017 were reformulated, and additional questions were included that are scored in the 2018 edition. This implies that the scores of these two editions are not comparable and changes in the scoring are in most cases due to methodological changes and unrelated to regulatory changes. Additional questions introduced and reformulated questions scored in this edition are identified in Appendix 2.11