data sources. See also Private
Participation in Infrastructure
Database of World Bank
for bank project financing, 83-87, 84-86t
for risk assessment and management, 55-58
debt concentration, 116, 120, 123-26, 124t
debt financing
bank project financing and, 80, 86, 95, 97n11
compensation on termination and, 302
credit ratings and, 173
macroeconomic factors and, 93
as percentage of project cost, 139
sources of, 7-8
special purpose vehicles (SVPs) and, 139
debt ratings, 122
De Clerck, Dennis, 54
default risk
bank project financing and, 81, 97n3
loan security and, 117
delayed PPP projects. See failed PPP projects
Demeulemeester, Erik, 54
democracy, determinants of PPPs and, 142
Dennis, Steven A., 112, 115, 116, 122, 132
design-build-finance-operate process, 216-17
determinants of PPPs, 10, 137-65
correlation matrix for explanatory variables, 162t
data for, 143-45, 144-45f, 146t
difference generalized method of moments regression, 154-55t
empirical framework for, 147-48, 151n4
empirical results for, 148-50
literature review on, 140-43, 141t
panel fixed effect regression, 156-57t
panel regression with fixed effect, 152-53t
policy recommendations, 150-51
system generalized method of moments regression, 158-59t
Di Lodovico, Amadeo Maria, 52
direct government equity, 305
direct government subsidies, 305, 306-7
discretionary regulation, 240, 247, 250
dispute resolution
arbitration for, 48, 206-8, 207t, 249-51
comparative review of, 308
court adjudication for, 206, 207t, 208
delayed land acquisition and, 54
mediation for, 206-7, 207t, 208f
Republic of Korea, 206-8, 206-7t, 208f, 297
water and sanitation sector tariffs, 249-51
distressed PPP projects, 48. See also failed PPP projects
Disyatat, Piti, 79
Doloi, Hemanta, 54
Duterte, Rodrigo Roa, 267