U

Udell, Gregory F., 115, 117

Um, Paul Noumba, 142, 143

underwriting, 140

United Kingdom

foreign investments of, 248

PPP market maturity in, 94

time and cost overruns, 199

water company regulations in, 239

United Nations Economic and Social

Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP), 21

unsecured loans, 117

unsolicited projects

Indonesia, 296, 320

Malaysia, 261

Philippines, 294, 320

project hazard rates of, 59, 60f, 62

Republic of Korea, 202-4, 203-4t, 288, 290-91, 319

risk factors for, 53

urbanization, 29, 243

user fees

BOO infrastructure projects, 288

BTO infrastructure projects, 217, 220

construction subsidies and, 300, 310

Indonesia, 280

Malaysia, 261

opposition to PPPs because of, 308

in pro-poor PPPs, 279

Republic of Korea, 300-301