PPPs focus on life cycle costs of the project in which the private partner designs the project to take account of the link between construction and operation so that the cost will be minimised over the project's lifetime. A private partner, in addition to designing and building the project, will also provide the ongoing operations and maintenance management and so has an incentive to ensure that the design and construction facilitate efficient O&M. By contrast, if one set of contractors is employed for design and construction and other unrelated contractors for O&M, they will each take a narrow perspective, considering only the point efficiencies in their component and not taking account of the interactions between the two.