1 The GCC countries are Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.
2 The World Bank, World Development Indicators.
3 Soumitra Dutta, Bruno Lanvin, and Sacha Wunsch-Vincent (editors), "The Global Innovation Index 2016: Winning with Global Innovation," Cornell University, INSEAD, and WIPO, 2016 (https://www.globalinnovationindex.org/gii-2016-report).
4 Fadi Adra, Haroon Sheikh, Rawia Abdel Samad, Ashish Labroo, and Sevag Papazian, "Fit for Service government: The opportunity in the GCC's fiscal challenge," Strategy&, 2016 (http://www.strategyand.pwc.com/media/file/Fit-for-Service-government.pdf).
5 Australian Government, Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development, "National Public Private Partnership Policy Framework," October, 2015 (https://infrastructure.gov.au/infrastructure/ngpd/files/National-PPP-Policy-Framework-Oct-2015.pdf).
6 "Public-Private Partnership Units: Lessons for their Design and Use in Infrastructure," World Bank, 2007 (http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/220171468332941865/pdf/431390REPLACEM0te0partnership 0units.pdf).