Generally speaking, PPPs exist to fill gaps in capacity between two or more partners. These are challenges that governments cannot meet on their own, and challenges that the private sector cannot meet on its own. PPPs promise to leverage the best of each partner while mitigating the capacity gaps that impede progress. In "Mapping PPPs Across Countries (China and India),"68 the PPP Initiative was able to identify three distinct types of gaps: execution, financing, and innovation. In order to bridge these gaps, governments and companies alike will need to engage in the process of building capacity across each of these categories.
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68Trager, A., Guan, H., & Rai, R. "Mapping"