Examination of 20 major equipment programmes

8  We examined 20 of the Department's 35 major programmes in the Government Major Projects Portfolio to examine in detail the challenges faced (Figure 10 on pages 61 to 63). The programmes we examined included:

•  competitive procurements (for example, the Type 31e frigate), UK single source procurements (for example, the Astute attack submarine) and single source foreign military sales (for example, the P-8A Poseidon maritime patrol aircraft);

•  innovative digital and research and development programmes, as well as more traditional military platforms;

•  programmes from across all the Commands; and

•  some high- and lower-performing programmes, as well as programmes at different stages of the acquisition life-cycle.

We engaged with all 20 programme teams. The main areas covered varied but included: the current state of the programme; the main challenges and risks to delivery; relations with suppliers; the impact of recent departmental reforms; resourcing and affordability challenges; success factors; and good practice.

Figure 10 

The Ministry of Defence's major equipment programmes considered in this report

Programme

Command

Description

Spend as at December 2020 (£m)

Budgeted whole-life cost as at March 2021 (£m)

Warrior armoured vehicle upgrade

Army

Part of the programme to deliver an enhanced and upgraded Armoured Infantry capability, which would have kept the vehicles in service beyond 2040. The government announced the cancellation of the programme in the March 2021 Integrated Review.

584

Not applicable2,3

Programme

Command

Description

Spend as at March 2021 (£m)

Budgeted whole-life cost as at March 2021 (£m)

Ajax armoured vehicle

Army

Delivery of the Ajax armoured vehicle and its training solution as part of the Armoured Cavalry integrated multi-role programme.

3,755

6,354

Boxer armoured vehicle

Army

Part of the Mechanised Infantry programme to enable infantry units to operate at reach, at speed, in complex terrain and with less need for support.

151

3,964

Challenger 3 tank

Army

Upgrade of main battle tank to address obsolescence issues.

73

1,399

A400M transport aircraft

Air

Delivery of A400M transport aircraft.

2,825

3,783

Future Combat Air System Technology Initiative

Air

Programme for the development of next generation combat aircraft, encompassing a wide range of research programmes.

Undisclosed

Undisclosed

Poseidon P-8A maritime patrol aircraft

Air

To deliver a maritime patrol aircraft to provide persistent, responsive, effective and adaptive military capabilities underwater, above water and on land.

1,440

2,013

Protector unmanned aerial vehicle

Air

Delivery of a remotely piloted air system.

434

1,347

Marshall air traffic management system

Air

Deliver a sustainable air traffic management capability.

687

1,505

Fleet Solid Support ships

Navy

Procurement of auxiliary ships to provide stores, ammunition, and food sustainment to naval forces at sea.

74

314

Future Maritime Support Programme

Navy

Commercial arrangements for the provision of ship and submarine engineering and naval base services.

71

10,699

Type 26 frigate

Navy

Procure eight anti-submarine warfare ships and associated support.

2,742

21,648

Type 31e frigate

Navy

Aims to deliver a pipeline of credible, affordable and exportable warships to enable the UK Defence industry to increase its global footprint.

280

2,031

Crowsnest radar system

Navy

Equip 10 Merlin Mk2 helicopters with an advanced airborne surveillance system to meet the force protection requirement of the Maritime Task Group.

333

496

Astute attack submarine5

Navy

Design, development and manufacture of Astute attack submarines.

9,604

10,830

Spearfish torpedo upgrade

Navy

To update the UK's submarine weapons systems. This includes improvements to the safety systems to minimise residual risks and deliver improved performance against increasingly capable threats.

305

407

LE Tac CIS6

Strategic

We reviewed the Morpheus project within the Department's Land Environment Tactical Communications and Information Systems programme to deliver tactical military communications. Spend and whole-life costs reflect the whole LE Tac CIS programme.

1,507

14,352

New Style of IT (Deployed)

Strategic

Provision of an IT system which will deliver operational information services to land, air, maritime and joint users in all physical environments.

468

800

Skynet 6 military satellite7

Strategic

Replaces the existing UK sovereign Skynet 5 secure space-based satellite communications capability.

281

8,229

Complex Weapons8

Head Office

Long-term partnership between the Department and MBDA UK Ltd. to develop families of weapons based on the principles of commonality, modularity and re-use.

6,004

30,434

Total

 

 

30,969

120,320

Notes

1  The budgeted whole life costs of individual projects and programmes in the table is made up of a number of individual funding lines within the Department (some on contract and some not), sunk costs to date, administrative resource costs, and the costs of early years in-service support, as reported by the senior responsible owner for each programme. Full whole life costs are not currently available for some programmes.

2  Spend to date and budgeted whole-life costs are those reported by the Department's programme teams in December 2020 for the Warrior armoured vehicle upgrade programme and March 2021 for all other programmes.

3  In March 2021, the government announced in the Integrated Review that it had cancelled the Warrior armoured vehicle upgrade programme.

4  As at March 2021, the Department had not yet approved the Fleet Solid Support programme's budget.

5  Spend and budget for the Astute programme is for all seven boats in class.

6  We examined the Morpheus project within the Land Environment Tactical Communication and Information Services programme. Costs of Morpheus are not reported separately.

7  The budget for the Skynet 6 military satellite includes past and future costs for the three main sub-projects within the programme, as well as other associated costs.

8  The Department's Complex Weapons programme is a rolling portfolio of individual weapons acquisitions. The portfolio budget includes acquisitions that fall outside the arrangements with MBDA UK Ltd examined in this report.

9  Totals do not add up due to rounding.

Source: National Audit Office analysis of the Department's documents

10  Our approach to examining each programme varied depending on the extent of our existing knowledge and the nature of the programme (for example, whether competitive or single source, or sourced through foreign governments). We requested a common list of documents and data from programme teams, as well as further documents depending on the specific issues on each programme. Common documentation included documents/logs covering issues such as early market engagement, commercial strategies, investment appraisals, supplier management and risk identification and management.

11  In this study we looked only at a selection of the most significant and complex programmes within the Department's Major Projects Portfolio as at July 2020, which were classed by the Department as equipment capabilities. Within this group we excluded the following equipment programmes:

•  F-35 Lightning programme - covered in depth in 2020 in the NAO reports on Defence Capabilities and Carrier Strike.

•  Queen Elizabeth carriers - covered in depth in 2020 in the NAO report on Carrier Strike. This programme also left the portfolio during the fieldwork stage of our study.

•  Dreadnought ballistic missile submarine - national security sensitivities would prevent disclosure of information. We intend to revisit the Department's nuclear enterprise work in the future.

12  Not all of the programmes we examined are included in each piece of analysis within the report as they are at different stages of development and delivery, and some do not follow the standard departmental procurement cycle with comparable decision points.

13  Since the programmes we have examined only constitute a small proportion of the number of projects and programmes which are being delivered by the Department, we have not sought to use our findings to comment on the Department's delivery of its whole equipment portfolio. However, given the fact that the programmes covered account for a significant proportion of the value of the whole portfolio, as well as their importance to national security, what happens to these programmes has considerable significance for the Department and taxpayer.