To capitalise on this readiness, infrastructure that makes it easier for Australians to choose a zero-emission vehicle must be built into the fabric of urban development at different scales.43
Easily accessed charging facilities for shared electric vehicles and micromobility devices should be as widely available and visible as possible, installed as part of public parking areas on city streets and at workplaces, shopping centres and some transport interchanges.
Updated building codes should specify charging requirements for privately owned and commercial fleets of electric vehicles, in apartment, office, industrial and depot developments.
Two-way charging facilities will be the next generation of infrastructure, enabling electric vehicles to be 'batteries on wheels', either drawing power from, or returning power to, the grid at different times of day. Building design standards need to be ready.
Nationally consistent technical standards should be in place for guilt and clean electric and other zero-emission buses, which will replace internal combustion engine vehicles.
Bus depot facilities to house these green vehicles should be built in dense urban areas rather than in distant industrial zones, improving the efficiency and responsiveness of bus services and effectiveness of electricity supply.
Australia's faster uptake of zero-emission vehicles requires national coordination. This is addressed in the Sustainability and resilience chapter.
For information on ensuring the readiness of the grid for the mass use of electric vehicles, refer to the Energy chapter.