Water security is a pressing challenge for Australia. Tackling it will require a focused effort from industry and balancing of governance, social, economic and environmental outcomes.
The catastrophic events of the past two years have revealed Just how much Australia's water security is under increasing pressure from climate change, weather extremes, population growth, changing land use and ageing infrastructure.
At the peak of the 2019-2020 drought, 10 regional cities and towns were within six months of reaching 'day zero' - when water resources are so low that residential taps are turned off and water is carted to local collection points.9 While many people may not relate to these extreme circumstances, this was reality for the residents of Stanthorpe in Queensland when they officially ran out of water in January 2020.10 11
" The catastrophic events of the past two years have revealed Just how much Australia's water security is under increasing pressure. "
Larger centres like Tamworth, Dubbo and Armidale were at a high risk of running out of water. Tamworth has a population of around 62,50012 and is heavily dependent on agriculture - it came within six months of water resources running dry after enduring two years without rain.13
Droughts and dry periods have significant socioeconomic effects on farming communities and businesses in nearby townships.
The next big drought in Australia is inevitable. It is vital to implement measures for water security now.
The sector needs a clear, agreed goal for achieving water security for the whole country.
It also needs better tools and data for measuring water security in any place at any time. This will ensure the industry is prepared for future challenges and can make confident planning and investment decisions.
Every person must change how they view and value water resources and be involved in the discussion about solutions, with communities taking the lead in how their water resources are used and valued. Creating a nation of water-literate Australians is the best way to deliver a more efficient, adaptable water sector that can deliver greater long-term benefits to communities.
It should be possible to access the entire range of water sources, including alternative water sources such as recycled water for drinking. This will reduce the overall risk of not having enough quality water to meet every Australian's needs.
Finally, ensuring knowledge is shared among all parts of the sector and having access to these resources through greater collaboration are both key to managing ageing assets and meeting future expectations.