Key messages

•  Theory of change applies critical thinking to link outcomes with enabling activities. It supports the design, implementation and evaluation of initiatives and programs that are intended to support changes within their contexts.

•  Infrastructure Australia developed a theory of change for each recommendation to articulate the critical steps on each pathway to a vision for change.

•  The theory of change can also identify indicators to help measure whether the desired outcomes of a reform are being realised. Where appropriate, we have identified these indicators.