51. Part 1 of the Review set the scene. Net zero is creating a new era of opportunity for the UK to capitalise on. It explains the opportunity and benefits to individuals and the economy. It places domestic action in an international context and emphasises that the UK must progress faster to realise economic benefits and minimise costs.
52. In Part 2 we set out how government and industry should achieve this opportunity, stepping from the cross-cutting macro framework for a green industrial revolution and the specific actions needed to catalyse action in individual sectors of the economy through to how we enhance the role of local authorities, communities, and the individual to deliver a just transition. This part covers six key pillars:
53. Pillar one sets out the framework for a sustainable industrial strategy to deliver growth and jobs in the net zero transition. It covers the four guardrails for government to drive forwards net zero - certainty, continuity, clarity, and consistency. In this pillar we discuss the enabling infrastructure to deliver net zero including the investment environment, government structures, delivery mechanisms, and the UK's role internationally.
54. Pillar two notes the great progress to date on clean power, highlights the gear shift we need in delivery to achieve our targets, and recommends specific actions to unblock the pipeline, including a re-think of our energy infrastructure. It proposes both a solar and onshore wind revolution. The Pillar also sets out the need to go further and faster on:
• New technologies, such as CCUS, Hydrogen and Greenhouse Gas Removals. We emphasise feedback on the need for policy and regulatory certainty for the long-term including interim milestones.
• Nuclear and energy markets reform. We bring out industry feedback on the need for certainty as soon as possible via Great British Nuclear and the Review of Electricity Market Arrangements.
• Fuels infrastructure. We propose a coordinated government strategy to provide certainty for different low carbon fuels and CO2 networks.
55. Pillar three builds on pillar one by introducing the economic opportunities across each sector, the challenges to realising these and recommending specific actions to give greater business and investor certainty to decarbonise faster.
56. Pillar four outlines how we unlock local action by reforming the relationship between local and central government, making sure the planning system supports net zero, and turbocharging community energy and action. This pillar focuses on the benefits of a place-based, place-sensitive, locally led approach to net zero that can be delivered through greater local empowerment and devolution.
57. Pillar five discusses the role of individuals in the transition, how they can be supported to make green choices, and how government can ensure that net zero works for everyone. Three key areas require particular action:
• Agency (empowering people and arming them with the information they need to make the decisions they want to);
• Affordability (lowering upfront costs of new technologies);
• Accessibility (ensuring the benefits are accessible to everyone, and not focused on certain groups or parts of the country).
58. Pillar six looks ahead and outlines how we ensure that relevant R&D and technologies are in place at the right time, implement a long-term plan for effectively pricing carbon, and maintain our position as an international leader and collaborator in the net zero transition.