922. Electric vehicles should be accessible for those who need them. The market and current incentives available are succeeding in bringing down the costs of electric vehicles. Electric vehicles typically require a greater upfront investment but have lower running costs than petrol or diesel counterparts. Though government grants for electric passenger vehicles have ended, incentives are in place to promote uptake, e.g., exemptions from vehicle excise duty (until 2025), as well as the upcoming zero emission vehicle (ZEV) mandate, which will require manufacturers to sell a growing number of electric vehicles in the run up to 2035 (see Pillar 3). Sales of electric vehicles have surpassed expectations: demand for electric vehicles is anticipated to result in a market share for battery and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles) of 22% in 2022, reaching 27% in 2023.640 However, sales have so far been concentrated amongst higher earners. As the market grows, spurred on by the ZEV mandate, we are likely to see electric vehicles increasingly filter through to the second-hand market, offering lower prices and making them more affordable for lower income households. Government is providing research and development and supply chain support, which will help to reduce the costs of electric vehicles (and chargers) further. Government should maintain and deliver on planned regulations, funding, and incentives to accelerate electric vehicle uptake and avoid undermining progress, as set out in Pillar 3. This will help to develop a second-hand market over time.